Sap2000 user manual pdf

American Institute of Steel Luttrell, Larry D. This manual is therefore expected to be useful for the department in future conduction of training programs on "Structural Analysis and Earthquake. Municipal and other professional engineers, designers, architects Welcome to GAP. The name was chosen to reflect the aim of the system, which is introduced in this tutorial manual.

Since that choice, the Software Manuals. Search answers to many common questions. I would like to give my special thanks to Mr. Amrit Man Tuladhar, National Programme. While difference of independent calculation and SAP analysis result based on Yuan et al. Information in this design guide is supplied on the condition that the user of this The original manual is written in English language using a generic template which is adapted and translated by the participating universities in CLM countries.

The quality management system written in the manual is All Rights Reserved. Designed by Templatic. Home Copyright Privacy Contact. Sap Training Manual. Sponsored High Speed Downloads. Teacher Manual. Training Guide Training Guide. SAP Piperack Tutorial Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Sign in. Forgot your password? Password recovery. Recover your password. Friday, January 14, Get help.

Civil Engineering Downloads. From the Options menu select Preferences. In the Preferences form under the Steel tab, select the steel code you want to use. Load Combinations and Design Figure Design Menu Options Once you have selected the code you will be using to design the members, you need to check the load combinations that will be used for the design.

The first thing to do is make sure that under the Design menu the Steel Design item has a check mark on it. This will tell SAP to design the steel sections. From the Design menu choose Select Design Combos. Simply define the combo from the Define menu and then in the Select Design Combos form add the combo to the Design Combos list. SAP gives the user some tools to check the results. Right click on any member to view its design results.

The element you have selected will be flashing to identify itself. In the Steel Stress Check Information form, you will find a list of the load combinations used to check the section at various locations along the members. That is the controlling combo that was used to design the section. Hint: You can change the number of locations at which the forces are reported.

Select the frame elements and choose from the Assign menu Frame …Output Segments and change the number of segments. You will then need to rerun the analysis to get the result for the new segments. Selecting any of the combo checks and pressing the Details button will show the analysis results for that member and governing equation from the code.

See Figure 4. In this form you can: Note: If you make any changes in the Element Overwrite Assignments form through the ReDesign button, you will need to press the Refresh Window button on the tool bar to see the updated design results on the current window. However, Auto Selection will still take place the next time you run the design check.

This is a value in the current units for the allowable stress of the section. Note: Changing any of the information in the ReDesign form will make SAP automatically recalculate the design stress ratios for that new information and update the Steel Stress Check Information form.

See the Re-Analyzing section for instructions on updating the analysis sections. To use the ReDesign section in the next analysis you will need to select from the Design menu the Update Analysis Sections option. This will replace the sections used to build the stiffness matrix so that a more accurate design check can be made.

You can also look at various design results on the graphics screen by selecting from the Design menu the Display Design Info option. These results will be plotted on the bottom and to the right of frame members. Note: The sections used for the analysis are shown at the top and to the left of the frame members. All the design information is shown at the bottom and to the right of the frame members.

To print results on a limited number of members, select the members and then selecting from the File menu Print Design Tables. Editing Section Properties From Figure you will see that the beams have point loads coming in at their third points.

Let us assume these point loads are coming from other members and so the beams are supported laterally at their third points. The model as it is defined does not take that into consideration, so the beams are over designed. To design the beam more accurately we will need to edit the beam design properties. Select all the beams in the structure. You may want to use the Intersecting Line Select Mode.

You will now see that the beam members are smaller. Hint: You can get a group load joint sum report on the Base Shear group to find what the self-weight of the structure is.

This is a quick way to see if your changes have produced a more efficient structure. You can also get the total weight of the structure from the filename. EKO file. So the model will need to be run again as an iterative process to make sure that the analysis is done using the selected sections. Once you have finished modifying the structural sections you will need to use, from the Design menu select the Update Analysis Sections option.

Then rerun the analysis to use the selected member properties for the stiffness matrix. Then rerun the design to see which members have changed. This will permanently replace the auto sections with the current design sections. The combos and checks made on the frame members will be performed using the LRFD code so the results and information reported are different. Enter new load factors for the P-Delta analysis. Redesign the steel sections. Advanced Features Defining Frame Element Groups Sometimes you may find it helpful to design using frame member groups.

This will force all the members in the group to be designed with the same section. The advantage of this method is that it will reduce the various number of sections used in the design. For example you can group two or three floors as one group when designing them. This will then provide you with one section that works for all the columns and one section that works for all the beams in that group. Reassign the Auto Selection sections to the frame members. Assign the remaining elements to a group name TOP.

Rerun the analysis on the model. From the Design menu choose the Select Design Group option. This is where one can have the program design a group of members and assign all of them with the lightest section that satisfies the stresses in all of them. This will mean that each frame element group is designed with the most efficient section from the Auto Selection group. Note: If there are no groups in the Design Group list box then all the members will be designed individually.

Compare the results from the first design run and the group design run to see how that will affect the selected sections. However, even though this is not a bad assumption, SAP allows a more accurate way of modeling this problem.

By setting Member End Offsets, you can define a region about the beam column connection where the members can not bend. This essentially produces a rigid zone at that connection.

The area can be as large as the user wants, but it is usually taken as the depth of the member that is framing into it, at that joint or a fraction thereof. Select all the frame elements. From the Assign menu select Frame… End Offsets. This will make the program automatically calculate the end offset from the sections coming into each joint.

If you set the Element Shrink option on from the Set Elements form and look at the active graphics window, you will see that there are lines at each joint that show the assigned End Offsets.

Remember: You will need to reset End Offsets every time the frame sections are changed. Note: The moment and shear values on the beams and columns will be slightly different than with no rigid End Offsets. This is because the rigid End Offset assignment reduces the flexible length of the members. However there are a few things to keep in mind: 1. Make sure that all the design data for the sections are correct.

The default values that the program uses for design may not be correct due to various methods you may have used to model your structure, e. K and Unbraced Length Ratios. You can use the Display Design Results form to view this information on the framing. For convenience, you can also view the analysis sections at the same time as the design information.

Check that the design combos the program has provided are correct and sufficient for your particular structure. If they are not, add your own to the list used in design. Check the final design results at key locations to make sure they are the results you expect.

Check that the load factors used for the P-Delta analysis are correct. Redesign the structure whenever you make changes to the model. This will give you a way to see if the members are still acceptable. Use a group to help find the total weight of the structure. See Tutorial 1 for instructions on how to do this. Use groups for your design to reduce the different number of sections that are in your model.

EKO file contains the total weights for each section used. This information can be used for initial cost estimations. Save Model Save the current model. Undo Undo last change. Redo Reverse last Undo. Refresh Window Refresh current window using latest data. Run Analysis Run analysis. Zoom Zoom in on structure by defining area with mouse. Restore Full View Restore full view of model.

Zoom Out Zoom out of model. Pan Dynamically move structure in any direction. Show 3-d view Show 3-d view of model. Perspective Toggle Show view in 3-d perspective. Shrink Elements Shrink all elements to help view element connectivity. Set Element Set visibility of elements and their properties. Up One Gridline Move up one grid line in 2-d viewing plane. Down One Gridline Move down one grid line in 2-d viewing plane. Select All Select all elements in drawing.

Restore Previous Selection Restore previously selected elements. Clear Selection Clear all selected elements. Reshape Element Move elements by selecting them at their center and to reshape them by selecting them at their ends. Add Special Joint Add a joint that is not automatically added when an element is entered. Draw Frame Element Draw a frame element by locating its end locations.

Draw Shell Element Draw a shell element by locating its corners. Quick Draw Frame Element Draw a frame element between grid lines. Quick Draw Shell Element Draw a shell element between grid lines. Assign Joint Restraints Assign translational and rotational restraints. Assign Frame Sections Assign frame section and material properties.