Spim program sample directive

See the image above to see how memory addresses map to individual bytes. Question 5: Write out the individual addresses of each letter in the string Number. Data in memory have no inherent meaning, meaning is given solely by context. As an example we're going to interpret an instruction in code as various other types of data. Scroll using the side slider down to the instruction in Kernel Text at 0xC0.

Question 7: What would these four bytes represent if they were interpreted as a two's complement integer? This assembly file doesn't actually do anything but quit, though it shows off many of the available data directives in MIPS.

Open up the file in your text editor. Question 8: For each directive statement beginning with a period between. To assist you in answering the above question, you'll want to match values in the assembly file to values in SPIM's Data section.

You'll probably also want to consult pp. To do this, you need to execute the command-line program spim. SPIM can also be run in interactive mode, which allows debugging and breakpoints. To start SPIM interactively, just enter spim at a terminal. To run the program type run. For a full list of SPIM's interactive commands, type help.

Next, download lab1-broken. While it completes successfully, it clearly is not doing what it is supposed to do. Step through the code, and track down the errors. Write down a short description of the errors that you find in a text file called bugs.

In this part of the assignment, you will write your first MIPS assembly program. Your program will perform endianness conversion, an operation that is commonly required when sending data over a computer network. Write a MIPS assembly program to read an integer from the terminal, invert the byte order of that integer, and then print out the new big-endian integer.

For example, bytes 0 and 3 are swapped, and bytes 1 and 2 are swapped. Use any of the SPIM system calls you would like, though you may not read from or write to main memory. We suggest the following algorithm, though others are also correct:. Your program must output only the converted integer, and no other unspecified characters such as input prompts or newline characters. If your program fails to comply, the automated marking scripts will consider your output wrong.

Question While this program only read and flipped a single integer, usually endianness conversions need to be done over entire blocks of memory.

In this question, you are not asked to write assembly code. Consider that you have to write a subroutine that converts the endianness of several integer numbers. The first byte is the byte referenced by "theString", and the string is termined by a null character.

After syscall is finished, the byte referenced by "theString" would contain the ascii value for 'H', the next byte would contain 'e', etc, etc.

For an explanation of "vectors" in SPIM, I will construct a SPIM program that calculates the first 40 terms of my favorite sequence, the Fibonacci sequence, and stores it in an array like structure.

First we see an effort in C. The intention for providing this code is to create a natural flow from C to MIPS, and to demonstrate how arrays in C and arrays in MIPS need not be thought of as radically different entities. I assume familiarity with C, and some basic familiarity with how to read data to and from memory in MIPS specifically with lw and sw. Incidentally, my work that follows is often purposefully inefficient for the purpose of greater clarity, though sometimes being clear one way leads to being unclear in some other way.

I wrote this all very late at night while afflicted with insomnia. Presumably we're all familiar with C, so we can see how this program works. Just look over it until it begins to make sense, because aside from the ambiguous variable names it's not that tough. We then "translate" this into MIPS assembler language. When we do so, there are several differences that must be kept in mind.

The thing with "arrays" in MIPS, if we're to call them that, is that the "indices" are always incremented in terms of bytes. Integers take up a word; that is, they are four bytes long.

If you have a segment of memory that you intend to use as an array of integers, to move up or down one "element" you must increment or decrement your addresses not by one, but by four! This actually isn't that different. The only difference is, C does this for you.

If no formal agreement exists, use in conjunction with the SN anomaly code. To simplify and facilitate consistent financial transaction coding in SEMS and Compass, the Agency's financial management system, the Superfund programs have determined that regions should assign financial planning and obligation information to only a subset of these activities.

For certain activities, multiple options are possible and these choices are available and required to be selected in the Site Obligations and Non-Site Obligations Planning screens in SEMS.

May commit and obligate to this action code but must expend redistribute to a different action code. Use QV for new obligations. Takeovers Over the course of a cleanup at a site, the lead for the various cleanup phases may change. This form of lead change is not a takeover, because each entity is responsible for a discrete phase of work. A takeover occurs when there is a change in the entity performing a response action after the activity has been initiated but before it is completed.

A takeover typically occurs when the PRP is unable or unwilling e. When circumstances warrant passing the lead to PRPs during a phase of cleanup, steps should be taken to minimize potential causes of delay. If a PRP is allowed to take over a GOVT-fmanced response activity after dollars have been obligated, the region should deobligate any unliquidated obligations, and use the region's available annually appropriated funds, deobligations, or special account funds to pay for oversight of the response activity conducted by the PRP.

A takeover creates a new activity, but does not create a new OU. In the case where one entity takes over an activity from another, the region must establish a new activity with the appropriate Performance lead code as well as apply the appropriate the Activity Anomaly Codes to both the original activity and the new activity.

The finish date of the original activity must be the same as the start date of the new activity. The 'Original Activity Takeover TO ' indicator is used to flag the original activity which has the change in lead, whereas a 'New Activity Resulting from Takeover TN ' indicator is used to flag the new activity. On rare occasions, an activity that has been taken over requires an additional lead change. The first three steps below describe the SEMS data entry for a takeover scenario.

All 5 steps describe the data entry for a takeover and subsequent takeover of a takeover. Sa provides examples of the SEMS coding for a takeover and a takeover of a takeovers.

Phased Projects At any stage in the cleanup process, a project may be phased or time-sequenced to accelerate the cleanup effort. Phasing is complementary to OUs. Whereas OUs break large, complex projects into smaller, more manageable work elements, phasing is a method to accelerate the implementation of projects within OUs. Phasing manipulates the internal steps required to complete each OU, thereby optimizing the overall schedule of a GOVT RA that, for example, requires site clearing prior to constructing an incinerator.

In the case of a phased project, only the start of the initial activity and the finish of the final activity are recorded as valid accomplishments in SCAP accomplishment reports. A region will enter into SEMS a separate activity, under the same OU, for each phase of the action that is to be tracked uniquely. However, the duration of the project is calculated from the date the first phase started to the date the last phase is finished. Other Anomalies Anomalies are those projects that do not fit the normal definitions of pipeline activities.

Anomalies can be those projects that 1 should not appear on a SCAP planning and accomplishment report, but still need to be tracked or 2 occur out of the ordinary pipeline progression. Additionally, projects that are permanently suspended or discontinued should be assigned a finish date when such determination is made, and use the appropriate anomaly code to signify the activity's status.

Once such documentation is developed, the site should be reassigned as MS. Conversely, if new information suggests that the site is not a mega-site, the MP or MS special interest code should be removed. D Site Name. V-2 V. K NPL Status. V-6 V. U Site Description V V. This chapter describes the site-level information that is tracked by the Superfund program and the corresponding data entry requirements in the Superfund Enterprise Management System SEMS.

Superfund involvement varies based on the characteristics of a confirmed or potential release, including urgency of response needs and land ownership, and the requirements for the see chapter IX. The Initiating Program is used to define the path a site will take for assessment and possible cleanup. Selection of an Initiating Program will generate a pre-defined schedule of activities unique to each initiating program option.

As new information becomes available, some sites initiated in one program e. When this occurs, SEMS offers flexibility to incorporate activities and milestones from multiple programs into the same site schedule.

Envirofacts can be used to help determine if a site exists in another EPA cleanup program database. The first two digits represent the region responsible for tracking the site. For example all Site ID numbers for sites in Region 1 start with '01'.

State ID Optional site identification number used to track a site in a state database. A removal site is required to have a Site Spill ID before planning work. The identifier must be unique and the system ensures that duplicate Site Spill IDs are not entered.

R in this chapter for more information on tracking parent and child site identification numbers. If additional site names are identified, they may be entered as site alias names see Site Alias section V. For sites placed on the NPL, primary site names can only be changed through a Federal Register update and require approval by the regional Superfund Division Director. In the interim, Regions should add decimal latitude and longitude values and associated metadata in SEMS for new sites added to the SEMS active site inventory once a specific location is determined for a site.

Since locations generally get refined as sites go through the assessment and cleanup process, site address and geospatial data in SEMS should be updated as practical and necessary following completion of key phases in the Superfund pipeline.

Geospatial data includes latitude and longitude coordinate values and associated metadata. Global Positioning System device, census block centroid etc. This flag identifies the latitude and longitude that will be used for reporting purposes. If no coordinate records at a site have the Primary Flag, SEMS will use the most recent set of non-sensitive coordinates for public reporting. The former name should generally be added as an Alias site name to enable concordance with historical documents.

Regions are responsible for adding all other Alias site names and locations as necessary. Includes sites on land held in trust by the United States for an Indian tribe. Not enough information available to make a determination of Federal Facility status. EPA regions should update this status as soon as a determination can be made. This data should be entered during the Site Initiation process, or whenever this information first becomes available. For non-federal sites, PA petitions should be addressed by the EPA Regional Administrator for the region in which the release is located.

For petitions involving Federal Facilities, the head of the appropriate federal agency is responsible for addressing the petition. Users are required to enter at least one main primary site type and at least one site type subcategory when adding a site. If multiple subcategories are selected, one should be identified as the primary. An abandoned uranium mine and related features, facilities and equipment is a mine on or affecting public lands under the jurisdiction, custody, or control of a federal agency at which, under the authority of the Mining Law, 30 U.

EPA's definition for uranium AMLs on private lands that they have regulatory authority over as: Those lands, waters, and surrounding watersheds contaminated or scarred by extraction, beneficiation or processing of uranium ores.

Abandoned uranium mine lands include areas where mining or processing activity is temporarily inactive. The NPL is a list of national priorities among the known or threatened releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants throughout the United States and trust territories. The HRS serves as a screening device to evaluate the relative threat that uncontrolled hazardous substances pose to human health or the environment.

As a matter of agency policy, those sites that score Regions can change the status for sites that have not been proposed or placed on the NPL. Removal of Proposed NPL Listing The process of removing a site from the list of proposed NPL sites starts when a proposal to remove the site is published in the Federal Register and is complete when final notice of the removal is published in the Federal Register. NPL Listing is a program measure. User may select from the drop down to enter or change the Non NPL status of the site.

After completing a Site Assessment Decision form, the system will prompt the user to review and update the Non-NPL status as necessary.

Regions should review sites with an SX value at a minimum on a semi-annual basis prior to mid-year review and end-of-year assessment and update this value as appropriate. This field is editable and should reflect the date the non-NPL status of the site changed. If the Native American Interest checkbox is marked, users are required to associate at least one American Indian tribe or Alaskan native entity.

On Tribal Property The On Tribal Property field is used to indicate whether the release of hazardous materials is on Indian country and any other land owned by an American Indian tribe or an Alaskan native entity. This screen allows users to associate one or more Indian entities to a site.

The tribes available for selection represent the official list of federally recognized tribes as defined in the Tribal Identifier Data Standard. Associating an Indian entity to a site may be done at any point in the pipeline. Sites with an associated federally recognized tribe are subject to applicable tribal consultation requirements. Users may add one or more special interest code at any time to a site using the Special Interest s box on the Site Information Tab.

In the interim, select Special Interest values are described below: Special Interest: Great Lakes The Superfund program is periodically requested to provide information regarding Superfund program Great Lakes restoration activities, i. HQ will annually compare site location data against Great Lakes watershed mapping data for sites proposed to the NPL in the prior fiscal year FY and will arrange to have the Great Lakes GL special interest code assigned to those sites that are identified as being in the Great Lakes watershed.

ERS Exclusion Date - this date is system generated with the current date when the checkbox is checked. This field is editable and should reflect the date the site was excluded. In addition, if a site has any planned or ongoing enforcement, cost recovery or removal activities, the user will not be allowed to make an NFFA determination.

NFFA Date - this date is system generated with the current date when the checkbox is checked. This field is editable and should reflect the date of the determination that no further federal action would be taken at the site. Inclusion of a specific site or area in SEMS does not by itself represent a determination of any party's liability nor does it represent a finding that any response action is necessary.

Non-Site Inventory Sites that are pre-screened prior to entry into the Active site inventory and determined not to require further Superfund remedial assessment are tracked in the SEMS Non-Site site inventory.

Minimal information is tracked on these sites to account for the pre-screening work and for future reference should a screened site be resubmitted to the federal Superfund program.

The Non-Site inventory may also be used to track other non-site specific information. Active Inventory The Active site inventory consists of sites placed on the NPL, and sites not on the NPL where site assessment, removal, remedial, enforcement, cost recovery, or oversight activities are planned or are being monitored or conducted. Archive Inventory The Archive site inventory consists of non-NPL sites that were formerly in the Active site inventory which have no further site assessment, removal, remedial, enforcement, cost recovery or oversight needed under the federal Superfund program based on available information.

The Archive designation represents a sitewide decision that no further interest exists at the site under the federal Superfund program based on available information. It is a comprehensive decision indicating there are no further Superfund site assessment, remedial, removal, enforcement, cost recovery, or oversight activities being planned or conducted at the site.

Regions may also record general enforcement related activities e. Since archiving is a comprehensive decision, the note must represent the interests of the appropriate regional business units e. Although the underlying basis for archiving a SEMS site is whether or not federal Superfund interest exists, several categories of sites are used to generate lists of potential archive candidate sites.

Based on review of sites in these categories, regions should update the Archive IND and Archive Date field as appropriate in a timely fashion. The Archive Indicator will automatically be deleted. A note explaining why the site was returned to the SEMS inventory must be prepared and placed in the site file. Planning dates for archiving sites are not available. A NFRAP decision is recorded as a Qualifier, is made only at the conclusion of a site assessment activity, and does not take into account any other Superfund programmatic activity that may be going on at a site such as removals or cost recovery.

Archived site is a program measure for both non-Federal and Federal Facilities. The SEMS application will prevent adding certain assessment, removal, remedial, and enforcement activities at archived sites. Prohibited actions can be added to a site by either: 1 returning the site to SEMS e.

A site cannot be archived if there are any planned or ongoing archive prohibited actions at the site. Indicating that a site has been archived will result in a pop-up message asking the user if they would like to make a NFFA determination at this time. Archive designations should be made in a timely fashion to accurately portray the status of sites to all users of Superfund program information. The site assessment program area within the SEMS reports module contains reports to help EPA regions maintain the integrity of archived data.

In addition, a site unarchived activity and finish date is generated when the archive indicator is deleted. The archive status of a child site should match the archive status of its parent site. Archive Date - this date is system generated with the current date when the Archive Indicator is updated.

This field is editable and should reflect the date the site was last archived or unarchived. This would be done when contamination at a non-NPL site is being addressed by cleanup actions at an existing NPL site.

This most frequently occurs at Federal Facilities and sites with an area-wide groundwater contamination problem resulting from multiple sources. After a site is collapsed into the parent site, no further response work should be recorded at the child site. Instead, any further response work performed at that site should be recorded under the existing parent NPL site, possibly as a separate operable unit.

Upon completion of a site assessment activity, it is also possible for the region to decide that a site is best addressed as part of another existing non-NPL site. After a site is collapsed into the parent site, no further actions should be recorded at the child site.

Instead, any further assessment or response work performed at that site should be recorded under the existing parent site. A FAD indicates remedial site assessment work is complete under the federal Superfund program based on available information.

Regions can accept or edit this date before saving the information in SEMS. Backdating the FAD date is appropriate when data entry lags occur, even if the lag spans across FYs e.

Final Assessment Decision Date - this date is system generated with the current date when the checkbox is checked. This field is editable and should reflect the date the final assessment decision was made. A typical operable unit would be removal of drums and tanks from the surface of a site. Sites should generally be remediated in operable units when early actions are necessary or appropriate to achieve significant risk reduction quickly; when phased analysis and response is necessary or appropriate given the size or complexity of the site; or to expedite the completion of total site cleanup.

Operable Units OUs are used to break up the site into more manageable parts to perform cleanup. Operable unit '00' is generally used to track sitewide activities such as remedial site assessment and sitewide removal activities as well as some enforcement activities e. The use of '00' in the OU field is also used by default for non-site-specific financial transactions. Regions and HQ additionally have the option to use other OU values, in the Non- site Obligations Planning screen in SEMS to further differentiate non-site-specific activities, including using this field to designate individual state recipients of non-site-specific funds.

SEMS tracks the user who entered the comment and the date. During the site assessment process, Environmental Protection Agency EPA , states, tribes or other federal agencies collect data to identify, evaluate, and rank hazardous waste sites based on Hazard Ranking System HRS criteria. The HRS is a numerically based screening system that uses information from initial, limited investigations to assess the relative potential of sites to pose a threat to human health or the environment.

Sites with HRS scores of Only sites on the NPL are eligible for Superfund-fmanced remedial actions. Superfund site assessment staff may be notified of a potential site through various mechanisms, including receipt of a citizen's petition, referrals from EPA's removal and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RCRA programs, and referrals or notifications from states, tribes and other federal agencies. Following notification, a non-federal site undergoes a minimal screening process to determine whether the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act CERCLA remedial site assessment process is appropriate.

Once a potentially hazardous site is identified as appropriate for the remedial site assessment process, it is assigned a remedial site initiation discovery date and is added to the Superfund Enterprise Management System SEMS remedial assessment active site inventory.

Federal Facilities site assessment is generally performed by Federal Agencies E. Sites with preliminary HRS scores below Sites that do warrant further removal- or remedial-type study are referred to appropriate cleanup programs for further work.

Assessing the worst sites first continues as a national priority. The regions should identify the sites posing the highest risk or potential risk and develop a strategy to assess those sites in a timely manner, while balancing their other site assessment needs. While assessing the worst sites first, the regions must strive to meet annual remedial assessment commitments and goals established to ensure sites are assessed in a timely manner and to prevent the backlog of sites needing remedial assessment from rising unacceptably.

Regional site assessment programs are encouraged to pursue more cost- and time-efficient methods of assessing sites without compromising the quantity and quality of site assessment decisions. The regions should also ensure the appropriate remedial assessments of sites of tribal concern that are in or near Indian Country. Site assessment is the first step in determining whether a site meets the criteria for placement on the NPL. NPL listing should be used when it is believed to be the best approach for addressing a site.

The directive provided regions with general factors that should be considered in the risk-based decision making process for choosing sites to propose for listing pursuant to section a 8 B of CERCLA. Workload estimates are critical indicators of future program needs. HQ captures these workload estimates by identifying the number of sites at various stages in the site assessment pipeline.

These stages are commonly referred to as 'backlogs'. HQ will measure regional progress on non-federal sites still needing assessment with special emphasis on older sites needing preliminary assessments completed or needing a listing decision.

Regions should consider these assessment workloads when planning assessment work; however, the primary goal within the assessment program continues to be assessing worst sites first. Exhibit VI. Only remedial assessments with a finish date falling in the current fiscal year FY will get captured in current year accomplishment reporting.

All completed Superfund Pre-CERCLA screenings and all other remedial site assessments at sites with a completed discovery activity will get captured in cumulative accomplishment inception-to-date reporting. Two sub-measures apply to remedial assessment work to help the Agency meet statutory and program timeliness goals and to ensure the age and number of sites needing completion of remedial assessment work does not rise unacceptably. Each fiscal year, regions must reduce the number of non-federal sites over 5 years old without a preliminary assessment completed by 10 percent and address 10 percent of non-federal sites over 16 years old without an NPL listing decision.

The universe of sites and associated sub-measure targets will be established at the beginning of each year to account for previous accomplishments and the addition of new sites.

Regional progress towards meeting these sub-measure goals will be monitored each fiscal year. The overall program priority of assessing worst sites first shall be a valid factor to consider when evaluating regional progress. For the annual 5-year PA sub-measure, accomplishment credit will be given at sites that get eliminated from the universe of sites established at the beginning of each fiscal year. For the year NPL Listing Decision sub-measure, accomplishment credit will be given at: 1 sites that get an NPL listing decision made or otherwise no longer require a listing decision; and 2 sites still in the universe at the end of the fiscal year that have had a remedial site assessment action started during the fiscal year.

The following non-GPRA measures are tracked to capture the disposition of sites based on remedial site assessment work performed in the current fiscal year: 1. Deferred to NRC b. Deferred to RCRA c.

Referred to removal, needs further remedial assessment d. Referred to removal, no further remedial assessment e. Addressed as part of a parent site that is on the NPL f. Other Cleanup Activity 3. Higher priority for further assessment b. Lower priority for further assessment c. Recommended for FIRS scoring d. Being considered for proposal to the NPL e.

Addressed as part of a non-NPL parent site that is still being assessed f. FADs are tracked as a reporting measure only - no goals or targets are set at the beginning of the fiscal year. Data Quality The regions should assure that their site assessment information is complete, current, consistent and accurate.

SEMS report no. Regions are required to review the data issues on this report prior to the end of each fiscal year and make data corrections in SEMS as necessary to ensure end of year reporting is accurate.

Data Entry Timeliness Requirement It is good management practice to enter data regarding events as soon as practicable after the event occurs. Generally, to insure data are reflected in quarterly reports, data must be entered in SEMS prior to the quarterly pull date which occurs on the fifth business day following the end of each quarter or the 10th business day following the end of the fourth fiscal quarter VI.

These decisions are tracked in SEMS as 'qualifiers' for applicable activities. Most decisions are self-explanatory. NFRAP decisions should not be confused with archiving. NFRAP decisions are made from a site assessment perspective only; they simply denote that further Superfund NPL assessment work is not required based on currently available information.

In contrast, the archival of SEMS sites is made only when no further Superfund interest exists at a site. This means that sites are not archived if there are planned or ongoing removal or enforcement activities or if other Superfund interest still exists, even if a NFRAP decision was made based on remedial site assessment activities.

There is no standard national definition for higher priority or lower priority. In general, sites with a higher priority remedial assessment decision are expected to need further remedial assessment attention sooner than sites with a lower priority decision. Refer to Removal Upon completion of a remedial assessment activity, the region may determine that a time- critical, non-time critical NTC , or other activity from the EPA removal program is warranted.

There are two different decisions used to track the referral of a site to the removal program. The decisions depend upon whether or not the region believes additional remedial assessment will still be needed following completion of work by the removal program. The two decisions are self-explanatory and include: 1. Regions should monitor those sites referred to removal that need further remedial assessment to ensure additional remedial assessment is not overlooked once removal work is complete.

This most frequently occurs at Federal Facilities and sites with an area-wide groundwater contamination or sediment problem resulting from multiple sources. To address these situations, regions should select one site to serve as the parent site and the other site will become a child site. Parent sites may have multiple child sites. Instead, any further response work should be tracked under the parent site.

The Final Assessment Decision value for a child site should match that of its parent site. Assessment Complete - Decision Needed This qualifier can be used at NPL caliber sites when all anticipated remedial site assessment work is completed and a decision still needs to be made regarding which remedial cleanup program approach to pursue e. Pre-CERCLA screening intends to prevent entry of uncontaminated sites or sites ineligible under CERCLA into this inventory, and help site assessors determine whether the site needs further attention under Superfund or another cleanup program.

PCS activities include reviewing existing information and collecting minimal additional information to determine whether a site warrants entry into the Superfund active inventory for further remedial assessment. Subsequent PCS activities may be performed when new information is received at sites previously screened and determined not to warrant entry into the active inventory.

PCS activities apply only to non-Federal Facility sites. Regional remedial site assessment programs are responsible for reviewing PCS reports and making a decision on whether to add the site to the SEMS remedial assessment active site inventory for further assessment.

A Remedial Site Initiation Discovery activity must be added to SEMS with a finish date for those sites determined to need further remedial site assessment e. Regions should communicate PCS report decisions to appropriate state staff and to tribes with a known interest in the site in a timely manner. For these sites with removal-only interest, the Removal Site Initiation Date on the Add Site Information screen needs to be entered for these sites to be considered part of the SEMS active site inventory.

As new activities and new dates are entered into SEMS, the system will ask the user to confirm or change this value as appropriate. Data entry timeliness practices are important to obtain all accomplishments. See section VI. Remedial Site Initiation Discovery Activity Definition: Remedial Site Initiation Discovery is the process by which a potential hazardous waste site is entered into the SEMS remedial assessment active site inventory for remedial site assessment activities.

Entry of the Remedial Site Initiation Discovery date initiates the remedial site assessment process and places the site on the Preliminary Assessment backlog. The same calendar date should be entered for both the Remedial Site Initiation Discovery actual start and actual finish date. Note: The Removal Site Initiation activity is used by the removal program to track initiation of sites that have Superfund removal interest. The Remedial Site Initiation Discovery actual start and finish date for a site referred from removal to remedial assessment or from RCRA to remedial assessment should be the date the referral decision is made.

The PA is used to determine what steps, if any, need to occur next at the site. Federal, state, and local government files, geological and hydrological data, and data concerning site practices are reviewed to complete the PA report.

An on- or off-site reconnaissance also may be conducted, although it is not required. Samples are not generally collected during a PA; however, limited sampling may be performed as necessary to determine whether further assessment e. Regions also have been encouraged to further reduce repetitive site characterization tasks and costs by combining site assessment and removal evaluation activities where warranted by site conditions.

An integrated removal assessment and remedial preliminary assessment combines requirements of a both types of assessments into a single report. The checklist or an equivalent document can serve as documentation that the APA was completed.

The APA checklist or equivalent report must address the requirements set forth in the NCP for conducting remedial preliminary assessments. Combining PA and SI or ESI activities into a single event may be performed at sites where it is known that more intensive sample collection as warranted and where time and cost efficiencies can clearly be gained. When combining remedial assessments, the PA documentation must still be developed to meet NCP requirements.

An APA report is sufficient for this purpose. PA start dates are required and are used by HQ as a program measure. Please refer to exhibit VI. Preliminary Assessment completions at non-Federal Facility sites is a program measure.

As new actions and new dates are entered into SEMS, the system will ask the user to confirm or change this value as appropriate. Site Inspections SI at Non-Federal Sites Activity Definition: The SI involves the collection of field data from a suspected hazardous waste site to confirm or deny the presence of contamination and to further characterize contaminants, migration pathways, and background contaminant levels.

The SI serves as a further screening activity to determine what steps, if any, need to occur next at the site. An integrated removal assessment and remedial site inspection combines requirements of a both types of assessments into a single report. SI start dates are required. Actual start and finish dates are required for Sis. Site Inspection completions at a non-Federal Facility sites is a program measure.

Site Reassessments at Non-Federal Sites Activity Definition: A Site Reassessment represents the gathering and evaluation of new information on a site previously assessed under the federal Superfund program to determine whether further Superfund attention is needed. A Site Reassessment serves as a supplement to previous assessment work and not as a replacement for traditional assessment activities e. The intent of the Site Reassessment action is to document the expenditure of Superfund resources on older sites where EPA has received new information or learned that site conditions have changed.